Which of the following best describes phonics instruction?

Phonics instruction is fundamentally about teaching the relationships between letters and the sounds they represent, which is exactly what the correct answer articulates. This method helps students understand how to decode words, facilitating their ability to read and spell effectively. By mastering letter-sound correspondences, learners can apply this knowledge when encountering new words, enhancing their overall literacy skills. Phonics lays a foundational understanding that is crucial for developing proficient reading skills, as it connects written language with spoken language. The focus is on systematic instruction that builds comprehension and fluency through an understanding of these essential relationships.