What is the best instructional approach for struggling adolescent readers?

The best instructional approach for struggling adolescent readers is one that addresses word-study instruction in combination with vocabulary and fluency. This integrated approach recognizes that reading is a multifaceted skill that requires a strong foundation in multiple areas.

Word-study instruction is essential because it equips students with the phonemic awareness and decoding skills necessary to read unfamiliar words, which is crucial for fluency and comprehension. By understanding how words are constructed and the relationships between sounds and letters, students can improve their ability to read more fluently.

Incorporating vocabulary development is also vital, as a strong vocabulary enhances students' understanding of texts. The more words students know, the better they can comprehend what they read. Additionally, fluency is key; students need to read smoothly and accurately to focus on the meaning of the text rather than getting bogged down by decoding words.

Combining these elements—word study, vocabulary, and fluency—creates a comprehensive framework that effectively supports struggling adolescent readers. It ensures that while they work on decoding skills, they also expand their vocabulary and enhance their reading fluency, all of which contribute to better overall comprehension. This holistic approach is particularly important for adolescents, who may have missed foundational skills in earlier grades but still can improve and succeed with targeted