How is "orthography" defined?

The term "orthography" refers specifically to the conventional spelling system of a language. This encompasses the rules and norms that dictate how letters are combined to create words and how those words are spelled correctly according to standard usage within a particular language. Understanding orthography is crucial for literacy as it contributes to reading and writing proficiency. Recognizing how words are supposed to be spelled helps learners decode text and communicate effectively in writing. The focus on spelling as an integral part of the language system highlights the significance of orthography in structured literacy approaches, where accuracy in written language is essential for clear communication.